/* Longform — editorial theme, v5822 */
:root {
  --paper: #f7f4ed;
  --ink: #17150f;
  --ink-soft: #55503f;
  --rule: #d8d2c2;
  --accent: #8c2f1b;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: -apple-system, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body { background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.55; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

/* masthead */
.masthead { border-bottom: 3px double var(--ink); background: var(--paper); position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 40; }
.masthead-inner { max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 14px 24px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; }
.wordmark { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 700; font-size: 34px; letter-spacing: .5px; order: 0; }
.sections { display: flex; gap: 18px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .12em; }
.sections a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.mast-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; }
.mast-link:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.btn-member { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); padding: 9px 16px; border-radius: 2px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .02em; border: 1px solid var(--ink); display: inline-block; }
.btn-member:hover { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.btn-outline { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); padding: 9px 18px; border: 1px solid var(--ink); border-radius: 2px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; }
.btn-outline:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }

main { max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 24px; }

/* cards */
.lead-feature { padding: 36px 0 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
.card-large { flex-direction: row; gap: 36px; align-items: center; padding-bottom: 32px; }
.card-large .card-img { flex: 1.4; }
.card-large .card-body { flex: 1; }
.card-large .card-title { font-size: 42px; line-height: 1.08; }
.card-large .card-dek { font-size: 19px; }
.card-img img { aspect-ratio: 3/2; object-fit: cover; width: 100%; filter: saturate(.92); }
.kicker { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .16em; color: var(--accent); display: flex; gap: 10px; align-items: center; }
.badge-members { color: var(--ink-soft); border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 1px 7px; border-radius: 10px; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .1em; }
.card-title { font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.15; margin-top: 2px; }
.card-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.card-dek { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 15.5px; margin-top: 2px; }
.card-meta { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12px; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: 2px; }
.card-meta .dot { margin: 0 4px; }

.home-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 40px 32px; padding: 36px 0; }
.load-more-wrap { text-align: center; padding: 8px 0 40px; }
.home-membership { border-top: 3px double var(--ink); text-align: center; padding: 48px 0 56px; }
.home-membership h2 { font-size: 34px; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.home-membership p { max-width: 560px; margin: 0 auto 22px; color: var(--ink-soft); }

/* section/author headers */
.section-header, .author-header { padding: 48px 0 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.section-header h1 { font-size: 46px; }
.section-header p { color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: 6px; font-size: 18px; }
.author-header { display: flex; gap: 24px; align-items: center; }
.author-avatar, .byline-avatar { width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-size: 28px; flex-shrink: 0; }
.byline-avatar { width: 44px; height: 44px; font-size: 20px; }
.author-title { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; color: var(--accent); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .1em; margin: 4px 0 8px; }
.author-bio { max-width: 640px; color: var(--ink-soft); }

/* article */
.post { max-width: 720px; margin: 0 auto; padding-top: 48px; }
.post-title { font-size: 46px; line-height: 1.06; margin: 10px 0 14px; }
.post-dek { font-size: 21px; color: var(--ink-soft); line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.post-byline { display: flex; gap: 14px; align-items: center; padding: 14px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.byline-name { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; }
.byline-meta { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: 2px; }
.post-hero { margin: 28px auto 8px; max-width: 920px; }
.post-hero img { width: 100%; max-height: 560px; object-fit: cover; }
.post-hero figcaption { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); padding-top: 8px; }
.post-hero figcaption a { text-decoration: underline; }
.post-body { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.72; padding: 24px 0 40px; }
.post-body p { margin-bottom: 1.35em; }
.post-body h2 { font-size: 27px; margin: 1.6em 0 .7em; line-height: 1.2; }
.post-body blockquote { border-left: 3px solid var(--accent); margin: 2em 0; padding: .2em 0 .2em 1.4em; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink-soft); font-style: italic; }
.post-body > p:first-of-type::first-letter { font-size: 3.4em; float: left; line-height: .85; padding: .04em .08em 0 0; }
.body-skeleton span { display: block; height: 14px; background: #e9e4d6; border-radius: 3px; margin: 14px 0; animation: sk 1.2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; }
.body-skeleton span:nth-child(2) { width: 96%; } .body-skeleton span:nth-child(3) { width: 88%; }
.body-skeleton span:nth-child(5) { width: 93%; } .body-skeleton span:nth-child(6) { width: 60%; }
@keyframes sk { from { opacity: .55; } to { opacity: 1; } }
.noscript-note { color: var(--ink-soft); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 14px; }

/* paywall */
.paywall { position: relative; margin-top: -140px; padding: 170px 32px 44px; text-align: center;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(247,244,237,0) 0%, var(--paper) 130px); }
.paywall h2 { font-size: 30px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.paywall p { color: var(--ink-soft); max-width: 460px; margin: 0 auto 20px; }
.paywall .actions { display: flex; gap: 12px; justify-content: center; }
.paywall .signin-inline { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; margin-top: 14px; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.paywall .signin-inline a { text-decoration: underline; }

/* meter interstitial */
.meter-overlay { position: fixed; inset: 0; background: rgba(23,21,15,.55); z-index: 60; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 20px; }
.meter-modal { background: var(--paper); max-width: 460px; width: 100%; padding: 40px 36px 32px; text-align: center; border-top: 4px solid var(--accent); position: relative; }
.meter-modal h3 { font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.meter-modal p { color: var(--ink-soft); margin-bottom: 20px; font-size: 15.5px; }
.meter-modal .meter-count { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 10px; }
.meter-dismiss { position: absolute; top: 10px; right: 14px; background: none; border: none; font-size: 22px; cursor: pointer; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.meter-keep-reading { display: block; margin-top: 16px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12px; color: var(--ink-soft); text-decoration: underline; cursor: pointer; background: none; border: none; width: 100%; }

/* rails */
.related-rail, .nextread-rail { max-width: 920px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 26px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.rail-title { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .14em; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.rail-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
.rail-item img { aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-fit: cover; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.rail-item h4 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.25; }
.rail-item .rail-meta { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: 4px; }

/* tiers */
.tiers { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 24px; padding: 40px 0; }
.tier { border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: 30px 26px; background: #fffdf7; }
.tier-featured { border: 2px solid var(--ink); position: relative; }
.tier h3 { font-family: var(--sans); text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: .14em; }
.tier .price { font-size: 42px; margin: 10px 0 16px; }
.tier .price span { font-size: 15px; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.tier ul { list-style: none; margin-bottom: 22px; }
.tier li { padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--rule); font-size: 15px; }
.member-faq { max-width: 680px; padding: 24px 0 60px; }
.member-faq h2 { margin-bottom: 16px; }
.member-faq h4 { margin-top: 18px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 15px; }
.member-faq p { color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: 4px; }

/* newsletter + signin */
.nl-form-wrap, .signin-wrap { max-width: 520px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 40px 0 80px; }
.signin-wrap { padding-top: 64px; }
.signin-wrap h1 { font-size: 34px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.signin-note { color: var(--ink-soft); margin-bottom: 24px; }
.nl-form { display: flex; gap: 10px; }
.nl-form input, .signin-form input { flex: 1; padding: 12px 14px; border: 1px solid var(--ink-soft); background: #fffdf7; font-size: 15px; font-family: var(--sans); width: 100%; }
.nl-note { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: 12px; }
.signin-form label { display: block; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12.5px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.signin-form input { margin-top: 6px; }
.signin-error { color: var(--accent); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13.5px; margin-top: 14px; }
.code-sent-note { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-bottom: 14px; }

/* prose pages */
.prose-page { max-width: 680px; padding: 30px 0 70px; font-size: 17.5px; }
.prose-page p { margin-bottom: 1.2em; }
.prose-page h2 { margin: 1.6em 0 .6em; }
.masthead-list .masthead-row { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--rule); font-size: 15.5px; }
.masthead-list span { color: var(--ink-soft); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 13px; }

/* newsletter popup */
.nl-popup { position: fixed; right: 24px; bottom: 24px; width: 340px; background: #fffdf7; border: 1px solid var(--ink); padding: 22px; z-index: 50; box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 rgba(23,21,15,.12); }
.nl-popup h4 { font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.nl-popup p { font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.nl-popup form { display: flex; gap: 8px; }
.nl-popup input { flex: 1; padding: 9px 10px; border: 1px solid var(--ink-soft); font-size: 13px; font-family: var(--sans); min-width: 0; }
.nl-popup .nl-close { position: absolute; top: 6px; right: 10px; border: none; background: none; font-size: 18px; cursor: pointer; color: var(--ink-soft); }

/* footer */
.site-footer { border-top: 3px double var(--ink); margin-top: 40px; background: #efe9db; }
.footer-inner { max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 44px 24px 30px; }
.footer-brand { max-width: 420px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.wordmark-small { font-weight: 700; font-size: 22px; }
.footer-brand p { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 14px; margin-top: 8px; }
.footer-cols { display: flex; gap: 80px; margin-bottom: 30px; }
.footer-cols h4 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .14em; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.footer-cols a { display: block; font-size: 14px; padding: 3px 0; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.footer-cols a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.colophon { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11.5px; color: var(--ink-soft); border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-top: 16px; }

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .home-grid, .tiers, .rail-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .card-large { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 14px; }
  .card-large .card-title { font-size: 30px; }
  .sections { display: none; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .home-grid, .tiers, .rail-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .post-title { font-size: 33px; }
  .masthead-inner { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .footer-cols { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 30px; }
}